技術(shù)口譯譯員不僅要具備普通口譯員的水平，還要具備良好的心理素質(zhì)，今天中譯翻譯公司給大家分享想要做好技術(shù)口譯需要做到什么?

　　Technical interpreters should not only have the level of ordinary interpreters, but also have good psychological quality. Today, the Chinese translation company will share with you what needs to be done to do a good job of technical interpretation?

　　1、克服心理障礙

　　1. Overcoming psychological barriers

　　口譯是一個即席性很強的語言符號轉(zhuǎn)碼活動。口譯的獨立性及高度緊張不僅對譯員的心理素質(zhì)提出了挑戰(zhàn), 也對譯員的專業(yè)水平提出了很高的要求。要想成為一名合格的譯員，除了努力學習練好基本功，掌握一些口譯技巧外，還應采取如下一些對策來克服心理障礙。

　　Interpretation is an impromptu transcoding activity. The independence and high tension of interpretation not only challenges the interpreter's psychological quality, but also puts forward high requirements for the professional level of the interpreter. In order to be a qualified interpreter, we should not only study and practice the basic skills and master some interpreting skills, but also take the following measures to overcome the psychological obstacles.

　　(1)首先, 要做到譯前充分準備,心中有數(shù)，才能思路暢通，發(fā)揮出應有的水平。可以事前先設法了解會談目的及內(nèi)容。有針對性地了解有關(guān)詞匯、專業(yè)知識、專業(yè)術(shù)語，以及一些慣用的口語句式等。同時，盡量創(chuàng)造機會事先與外賓接觸，逐步適應其口音，給熟悉的外賓做翻譯心理壓力往往能減輕很多。此外要在會談開始時，凝神屏氣仔細記錄，譯出表達時，將語速調(diào)整得比平時少緩，逐漸使自己鎮(zhèn)定下來。

　　(1) First of all, it is necessary to be fully prepared and well-informed before translation, so that ideas can be unblocked and proper level can be brought into play. Try to understand the purpose and content of the meeting in advance. Have a targeted understanding of the relevant vocabulary, professional knowledge, professional terminology, as well as some commonly used oral sentence patterns, etc. At the same time, try to create opportunities to contact with foreign guests in advance, and gradually adapt to their accents, so as to reduce the psychological pressure of translation for the familiar foreign guests. In addition, at the beginning of the meeting, carefully record with concentration and breath holding. When translating expressions, adjust the speaking speed less slowly than usual and gradually calm yourself down.

　　(2)其次,，應放下包袱，樹立絕對的自信，克服患得患失的心理。筆者初始擔當工程各種會談的口譯時，每次看到有同行在場，均不由自主的有點緊張，往往怕在同行面前出錯而丟面子，甚至看在場的同行表現(xiàn)優(yōu)秀，更是感覺有點畏畏縮縮。其實細想起來，這正是通過同行專家指正，提高譯技的好機會。同時，還可以在碰到疑難問題或譯錯時向同行討教，以提高和改進自己的翻譯水平。因此，即使有同行或高層領(lǐng)導在場也要力爭做到思路清晰，反應敏捷，膽子大，信心足。

　　(2) Secondly, we should put down the burden, establish absolute self-confidence, and overcome the mentality of worrying about gain and loss. When the author initially took charge of interpretation of various engineering talks, every time I saw a peer present, I felt a bit nervous. I was often afraid of making mistakes in front of the peer and losing face. I even felt a little timid when I saw the excellent performance of the peer present. In fact, this is a good opportunity to improve translation skills through peer experts' correction. At the same time, when encountering difficult problems or translation errors, we can consult with colleagues to improve our translation level. Therefore, even if there are peers or senior leaders present, we should strive to be clear-minded, responsive, courageous and confident.

　　2、積累知識, 準備充分

　　2. Accumulate knowledge and prepare well

　　工程技術(shù)口譯具有突出的專業(yè)性，為此，譯員在進入口譯工作之前, 必須預先了解和熟悉有關(guān)的專業(yè)知識。

　　Engineering interpretation has outstanding professionalism. Therefore, before entering the interpretation work, the interpreter must know and be familiar with the relevant professional knowledge in advance.

　　(1)首先, 對即將進行項目所涉及的具體的專業(yè)知識、技術(shù)術(shù)語和專業(yè)詞匯, 口譯者應該大量收集有關(guān)資料, 精心準備, 并

　　(1) First of all, interpreters should collect a large amount of relevant information and prepare carefully for the specific expertise, technical terms and professional vocabulary involved in the upcoming project

　　加以吸收。

　　To absorb.

　　(2)其次, 除了了解具體的專業(yè)知識之外, 還必須了解其他專業(yè)的一般性專業(yè)知識, 對任何一名譯員來講, 口譯的內(nèi)容都不一定局限于如政治、商務或科技等領(lǐng)域。科技翻譯又包括機械、電子、化工等諸多方面, 當你進行所涉及項目專業(yè)的工程翻譯時。你無法預知什么時候又會涉及到其他專業(yè)。口譯需手勤、腦勤。碰到新知識新詞匯及時記錄下來，歸納整理存進大腦, 隨時調(diào)用。

　　(2) Secondly, in addition to specific professional knowledge, it is necessary to understand other general professional knowledge. For any interpreter, the content of interpretation is not necessarily limited to such fields as politics, business or technology. Science and technology translation also includes mechanical, electronic, chemical and many other aspects, when you are engaged in project professional engineering translation. You don't know when you're going to be involved in another major. Interpreting requires hands and brains. When encountering new knowledge and new vocabulary, record them in time, summarize and store them in the brain, and call them at any time.

　　再則, 隨著我國對外改革開放的發(fā)展, 以及對外交流面的擴大，各種新事物、新信息層出不窮，這些都有可能成為口譯的內(nèi)容。除此之外，口譯人員還應了解對方的背景包括身份、地位、文化程度、職業(yè)職務、性格特點、宗教信仰、工作方式，所在國家的風俗習慣等，做到知己知彼，百戰(zhàn)不殆。

　　Moreover, with the development of China's reform and opening up, as well as the expansion of foreign exchange, new things and information emerge in endlessly, which may become the content of interpretation. In addition, the interpreter should also understand the background of the other party, including identity, status, education level, professional position, personality characteristics, religious belief, working methods, customs and habits of the country where he is located, so as to know himself and the other, and win every battle.

　　3、勇于實踐, 注意總結(jié)

　　3. Dare to practice and pay attention to summary

　　要勇于實踐，不斷在各種英語環(huán)境中鍛煉自己，訓練聽力，提高理解能力和翻譯技巧。每場翻譯下來及時總結(jié)經(jīng)驗,提出存在的問題和相應的改進措施。就拿語言特點來說，光是說英語者，不僅有來自英語為母語的國家，還有的來自非英語國家。這樣一來說英語者往往或多或少帶有自己的母語語調(diào)或口音，口音五花八門，即使是來自英美英語國家的人，也并不都講標準英語。由于身份、地位和文化教育不同，總裁、工程師和操作工的用詞也大不相同。所有這些, 都給翻譯造成一定的困難。因此，譯員應當盡一切可能將自己置身于講不同英語的各種人之中，使自己熟悉不同的語音語調(diào)和用詞，不至于在語言方面出現(xiàn)障礙。在條件允許的情況下多收聽英語廣播，觀看電視中的英語節(jié)目，通過不斷實踐,總結(jié)經(jīng)驗，可以形成一些口譯時的應付策略和技巧，促進會談的輕松、順利進行。比如口譯時，為了減少漏譯和誤譯，譯員除了應具備出眾的記憶力外，還應學會速記，即采用自己最熟悉的文字或者譯入語，輸以少量的符號和縮略語。至于記什么，記多少，完全由個人習慣與發(fā)揮確定。如果在口譯過程中碰到不懂的生詞或不明白的地方，一定要沉著冷靜，千萬不要驚慌,，不能盲目的亂猜。應該巧妙而有策略地與講話人加以討論弄清本意后再進行翻譯。再優(yōu)秀的口譯者也會在工作中碰到難題，所以口譯者必須具有靈活應變的能力，具有較強的獨立分析和獨立解決問題的能力，一名有經(jīng)驗的口譯者在無資料或詞典可以查詢的情況下，通過解釋、比劃、旁敲側(cè)擊、曲線翻譯，最后同樣可以達到溝通的目的。不僅應自我總結(jié)，平時還應注意觀摩學習別人的翻譯風格和翻譯技巧，收集佳譯，注意將口譯和筆譯相結(jié)合，將筆譯中好的表達運用到口譯中，提高口譯質(zhì)量，為口譯提供素材做到譯法靈活。

　　We should have the courage to practice, constantly exercise ourselves in various English environments, train our listening, and improve our understanding and translation skills. Summarize the experience in time after each translation, put forward the existing problems and corresponding improvement measures. Take the characteristics of language as an example. English speakers are not only from native English speaking countries, but also from non English speaking countries. In this way, English speakers tend to have more or less their native language intonation or accent, with various accents. Even people from British and American English speaking countries do not speak standard English. Because of the differences in identity, status, culture and education, presidents, engineers and operators use different words. All of these make translation difficult. Therefore, an interpreter should try his best to put himself among all kinds of people who speak different English, so as to make himself familiar with different intonation and words, and avoid language obstacles. If conditions permit, listening to English radio and watching English programs on TV, through continuous practice and summing up experience, can form some coping strategies and skills in interpretation, and promote the smooth and easy progress of the talks. For example, when interpreting, in order to reduce omission and mistranslation, translators should not only have excellent memory, but also learn shorthand, that is, to use their most familiar words or target language, and to input a small number of symbols and abbreviations. As for what to remember and how much to remember, it is entirely determined by personal habits and play. If you encounter a new word or a place you don't understand in the process of interpretation, you must be calm and calm, don't panic, and don't guess blindly. We should discuss with the speaker skillfully and tactfully to find out the original meaning before translating. No matter how good an interpreter is, he or she will encounter difficulties in his or her work. Therefore, an interpreter must have the ability of flexibility, strong ability of independent analysis and independent problem-solving. An experienced interpreter can achieve the same goal of communication through interpretation, comparison, Sideswipe and curve translation when there is no data or dictionary to query. We should not only summarize ourselves, but also observe and learn other people's translation styles and skills, collect good translations, combine interpretation with translation, apply good expressions in translation to interpretation, improve interpretation quality and provide materials for interpretation so as to make translation flexible.

　　4、靈活應變的能力和極強的職業(yè)道德

　　4. Flexible ability and strong professional ethics

　　口譯工作是一項傳遞信息的工作。這種傳遞應該是客觀、忠實、全面的。譯員在翻譯過程中不能加入自己主觀的意見和看法, 或是隨意增減翻譯的內(nèi)容。另一方面，口譯工作也不是機械刻板的生搬硬套的過程。在工作中不是被動、消極的，他不能抱著“我只負責翻譯雙方的談話, 其余一切與我無關(guān)”的思想。而是要充分發(fā)揮雙方優(yōu)勢，創(chuàng)造和利用有利于促進雙方理解的積極因素。這就要求譯員在工作現(xiàn)場注意觀察交談雙方的反應, 遇到聽話人沒有聽懂的時候, 要及時變換用詞、句式結(jié)構(gòu)，或征得講話人的同意后進行補充和解釋。遇到對抗性的過激語言, 則應采取一些靈活的處理方式。

　　Interpretation is a work of transmitting information. This kind of transmission should be objective, faithful and comprehensive. In the process of translation, translators should not add their own subjective opinions or add or delete the translated content at will. On the other hand, interpretation is not a mechanical process. He is not passive and passive in his work. He can't hold the idea that "I am only responsible for the conversation between the two sides of the translation, and everything else has nothing to do with me". Instead, we should give full play to the advantages of both sides and create and make use of positive factors conducive to promoting mutual understanding. This requires the interpreter to observe the response of both sides of the conversation at the work site. When the listener fails to understand, the translator should change the words and sentence structure in time, or supplement and explain with the consent of the speaker. In the face of confrontational over language, we should adopt some flexible ways to deal with it.

　　譯員的靈活性還表現(xiàn)在對現(xiàn)場氣氛的把握上。在商務談判這樣較緊張的場合，一個畏首畏尾，或期期艾艾的譯員無疑會使緊張的氣氛更加緊張，為談判的進行增加阻力，相反的一個鎮(zhèn)定自若、情緒穩(wěn)定、不卑不亢的譯員肯定能使我方在談判中取得優(yōu)勢，使交流雙方增加自信。而在諸如普通會談或輕松的宴會中，翻譯人員大不可正襟危坐，面目嚴肅,。否則會破壞本應良好的氣氛，這時翻譯人員進行口譯時可以選擇一些短小精練的句子，輕松地表達雙方的意思,使會談輕松進行?？谧g者必須加強譯德、譯技和道德情操的修養(yǎng)，嚴守國家機密和工業(yè)技術(shù)秘密。一位優(yōu)秀的口譯者應時刻注意自己的儀態(tài)風度，不卑不亢、自尊、自重、自愛。決不可借著便利機會做出有損國格、人格的事情。而且在這個全球經(jīng)濟一體化、新技術(shù)、新事物層出不窮的新時代口譯人員應利用一切機會，不斷補充新的知識，豐富自己，提高語言、文化、藝術(shù)的修養(yǎng), 養(yǎng)成良好的心理素質(zhì)。做一個時代所需求的優(yōu)秀口譯工作者。

　　The translator's flexibility is also reflected in his grasp of the scene atmosphere. In a tense business negotiation situation like this, a timid or expectant interpreter will undoubtedly make the tense atmosphere more tense and increase the resistance for the negotiation. On the contrary, a calm, stable and unassuming interpreter will surely make us gain an advantage in the negotiation and increase the confidence of both sides of the exchange. In general meetings or relaxed banquets, translators should not be serious,. Otherwise, it will destroy the supposed good atmosphere. At this time, translators can choose some short and concise sentences to express the meaning of both sides easily and make the talks easy. Interpreters must strengthen the cultivation of morality, translation skills and moral sentiments, and strictly abide by state secrets and industrial technology secrets. An excellent interpreter should always pay attention to his own demeanor, not humble, self-respect, self-respect and self love. Never take advantage of convenient opportunities to do things that are detrimental to national dignity and personality. In this new era of global economic integration, new technology and new things, interpreters should take advantage of all opportunities to constantly supplement new knowledge, enrich themselves, improve their language, culture and art, and develop good psychological quality. To be an excellent interpreter required by the times.

中譯國際翻譯（北京）有限公司
China International Translation service Co., Ltd.